Legal knowledge centre
113 legally reviewed bilingual guides. Every resource includes official sources, a verification date and connected next steps.
Using a foreign document in Georgia depends on the issuing country, applicable treaty, document type and receiving authority; apostille, consular legalisation and translation perform different functions.
A branch and a local LLC allocate liability, control, documentation, bank KYC and tax footprint differently; the structure should follow the commercial objective.
Individual entrepreneur registration does not create a separate legal person; personal liability, tax status, bank KYC and the 2026 work-right rules for self-employed foreigners must be assessed together.
A director must act in the company's interest, within authority and on an adequately informed basis; shareholder instructions do not erase duties imposed by law and the charter.
Shareholder rights arise from law, the charter and any agreement, but those instruments must work together; voting, information, dividends, transfers and deadlock should be regulated in advance.
Banks and regulated entities examine ultimate control, source of funds, business purpose and risk profile; a Public Registry extract alone is rarely enough for a complex foreign structure.
VAT registration and small-business status are distinct tax regimes; activity type, turnover calculation, excluded activities and the separate status application must be checked under current tax rules.
Virtual Zone Person and International Company regimes are not interchangeable; substance of activity, customer location, value created in Georgia, personnel and documentary trail require separate analysis.
A share buyer acquires the company's history, not merely its assets; due diligence, price adjustment, warranties, conditions, payment and registry change must form one closing mechanism.
Corporate due diligence examines ownership, authority, contracts, debt, regulation, employment, data, disputes and enforceability; findings must be translated into price, warranties and closing conditions.
Voluntary liquidation is an exit mechanism for a solvent company, while expected or actual insolvency engages a separate collective regime; creditor and director risks must be assessed immediately.
The customs outcome depends on correct classification, origin, value, procedure, permits and consistent documents; the commercial contract and declaration must align.
Before paying a deposit, verify the seller's title, cadastral identity, mortgages or seizures, co-owners, construction status, liabilities and a safe payment condition.
Foreign acquisition of an apartment or non-agricultural property and ownership of agricultural land are governed differently; land designation, buyer status and any statutory exception must be established before the transaction.
A registry extract should be read as one record of the right, owner, object, mortgage, seizure, obligation and pending application; checking only the owner's name is not due diligence.
A preliminary agreement should define the property, price, nature of the deposit, conditions for the main sale, due diligence, discharge of burdens, timing and exit consequences; a short reservation form is often insufficient.
An off-plan buyer assumes completion, permitting, quality, area, financing and developer-solvency risks; payments should be tied to measurable milestones and a registrable right.
At handover, the buyer should compare the actual unit with the contract, plans and specification; defects, area differences and delay should be recorded in writing before signing acceptance or with an express reservation.
A rental agreement should define condition, rent, deposit, utilities, repairs, access, termination and return of the property; an oral arrangement increases evidence risk.
A co-ownership or boundary dispute requires separate analysis of registered shares, actual use, cadastral data, succession chain and possible document fraud; resolving one issue does not automatically resolve the others.